Animal Welfare Professionals

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  • 1.  Maddie's Insights webcast January 9, 2025: Benefits of Pair-Housing Dogs on Welfare Measures and Length of Stay

    Posted 12-05-2024 12:45 PM

    Maddie's® Insights is our ongoing webcast series with practical tips based on current research to help pets and people. Our guest speaker for the January program is @Erica FeuerbacherAssociate Professor, School of Animal Sciences Virginia Tech and Director, Applied Behavior & Welfare Lab.

    This webcast was recorded on January 9, 2025

    WATCH HERE

    Dogs are often housed alone in shelter settings to reduce injury and disease spread. However, social isolation can be a stressor for dogs. Most prior studies have focused on laboratory dogs or shelter dogs that have been kenneled for several months. Thus, those results might not necessarily generalize to shelter dogs, many of which have shorter lengths of stay than those dogs studied to date and might be cohoused soon after intake.

    Dr. Feuerbacher and her team investigated the behavioral and physiological effects of single- or pair-housing shelter dogs, most of which had recently entered the shelter, as well as the impact of pair-housing on length of stay. In this talk, Dr. Feuerbacher will review the literature on cohousing dogs, go into detail on her study methods and results, and discuss the benefits and practical considerations of pair-housing dogs.

    Attendees will learn to:

    •       Identify behavioral and physiological benefits of pair housing
    •       Identify adoption benefits of pair housing
    •      Understand the requirements to consider using pair housing safely

    This webinar has been pre-approved for 1.0 Certified Animal Welfare Administrator continuing education credits by The Association for Animal Welfare Advancement and by the National Animal Care & Control Association. It has also been approved for 1 hour of continuing education credit in jurisdictions which recognize the Registry of Approved Continuing Education (RACE) approval.

    About our speaker, Dr. Erica Feuerbacher

    Dr. Feuerbacher with her two dogs

    Dr. Erica Feuerbacher is an Associate Professor in the School of Animal Sciences at Virginia Tech and director of the Applied Animal Behavior & Welfare Lab, where she focuses her research on dogs and horses. She also coordinates the online Masters degree program in Applied Animal Behavior & Welfare at Virginia Tech. She earned her Ph.D. in Psychology at the University of Florida and her Master's in Behavior Analysis at the University of North. She is a Certified Applied Animal Behaviorist and a Board-Certified Behavior Analyst. Her research focuses on understanding domestic animal behavior and learning from a behavior analytic perspective, using applied animal behavior to solve behavioral issues in dogs and horses, and identifying interventions that improve shelter dog welfare. She has published her research in a variety of scientific journals and has won awards for her research and teaching. She is passionate about humane, effective animal training, and working with owners, trainers, and shelter staff to improve our interactions with animals.


    #Conferences,WorkshopsandWebcasts
    #EducationandTraining

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    Alison Gibson
    Media Projects Manager
    Maddie's Fund
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  • 2.  RE: Maddie's Insights webcast January 9, 2025: Benefits of Pair-Housing Dogs on Welfare Measures and Length of Stay

    Posted 6 days ago

    I wondered when one of the pairs was rehomed was the remaining dog paired with another dog or did they remain singly housed until they also found a home?
    Also what impact it had on the dogs when their housing friend was rehomed and they were then in the kennel on their own?



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    Ellie Markowski
    Kennel Supervisor
    Raystede Centre for Animal Welfare
    UT
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  • 3.  RE: Maddie's Insights webcast January 9, 2025: Benefits of Pair-Housing Dogs on Welfare Measures and Length of Stay

    Posted 6 days ago

    Thank you for your question, Ellie. Dr @Erica Feuerbacher will answer your question asap.  



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    Alison Gibson
    Media Projects Manager
    Maddie's Fund
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  • 4.  RE: Maddie's Insights webcast January 9, 2025: Benefits of Pair-Housing Dogs on Welfare Measures and Length of Stay

    Posted 6 days ago

    @Erica Feuerbacher
    One of the attendees asked if you looked at adopter information. Were pair-housed more likely to be adopted by people with another dog already in the home?



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    Alison Gibson
    Media Projects Manager
    Maddie's Fund
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  • 5.  RE: Maddie's Insights webcast January 9, 2025: Benefits of Pair-Housing Dogs on Welfare Measures and Length of Stay

    Posted 6 days ago

    Great question! We should hire some of you as researchers! We unfortunately did not collect adopter information so I can't speak to that. But will definitely keep this in mind for future studies.

    Erica 



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    Erica Feuerbacher
    Associate Professor
    Virginia Tech
    VA
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  • 6.  RE: Maddie's Insights webcast January 9, 2025: Benefits of Pair-Housing Dogs on Welfare Measures and Length of Stay

    Posted 6 days ago

    Hi Ellie,

    Yes, we did keep the pair-housed dog with another dog as long as possible--at some point though either all of our study dogs had been adopted or we didn't have an appropriate friend for them. To be specific (and correct) I've copied what we have in our paper:

    All single-housed dogs remained as sin- gle-housed until they were adopted. If the kennelmate of a pair-housed dog was adopted, we tried to find a compatible kennelmate for the remaining dog. For Goldie and Junior, they were kept as pair-housed after their initial kennelmate was adopted but by Week 4 there were not appropriate kennelmates for either (and Goldie was enrolled in May and Junior in December so it was not possible to pair them up with each other). Thus, no dogs participated in the study beyond 4 weeks.

    In terms of assessment between weeks 1 and 4, we only had funding for those first 8 days of urinary cort:creatinine (each sample is about $20) and too few dogs were in those timepoints for us to analyze there behavior,  so we weren't able to explore the impacts of the kennelmate leaving (or a new kennelmate being introduced) but those would be great future research questions!

    There is also this paper: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0168159114001671 which explored what happened when a pair-housed dog had the kennelmate removed. These are their highlights from that paper:

    • --We investigate the effect of conspecific separation in pair-housed shelter dogs.
      --Increases in active behaviours, grooming, posture change and stretching occurred after separation
      --Secretory IgA increased after separation whilst cortisol levels remained unchanged
      --No major effect of separation on emotional valence was evident
      --Results demonstrate separation of a dog from a conspecific negatively affected behaviour and stimulated the immune system.
      Hope that helps!
      Erica 



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    Erica Feuerbacher
    Associate Professor
    Virginia Tech
    VA
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  • 7.  RE: Maddie's Insights webcast January 9, 2025: Benefits of Pair-Housing Dogs on Welfare Measures and Length of Stay

    Posted 6 days ago

    Great question ! We did not collect adopter information but that would be really interesting. My guess is that most folks with no dogs also want a dog-friendly dog (they anticipate another dog, or have family/friends with other dogs).  I suspect we would see folks with a resident dog opt more frequently for a pair-housed dog than a single-housed dog--whether that's a higher proportion than what we see for folks that don't have a resident dog, I can't say!

    Thanks for the excellent question--will have to keep that in mind for future studies!

    Best,

    Erica



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    Erica Feuerbacher
    Associate Professor
    Virginia Tech
    VA
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  • 8.  RE: Maddie's Insights webcast January 9, 2025: Benefits of Pair-Housing Dogs on Welfare Measures and Length of Stay

    Posted 5 days ago

    Hi, that's an excellent question! Yes I think that would be our guess--it's possible that being with a friend early on as they adjust might help long-term, but I suspect it is more likely that they will look like single-housed dogs. My recommendation would be to try to find another compatible kennelmate when possible. 

    There is this study too, that investigated the effect of removing a companion dog from a pair-housed kennel and supports the conclusion that they would likely now be more like a single-housed dog. 

    Here is the link and their highlights:

    • --We investigate the effect of conspecific separation in pair-housed shelter dogs.
      --Increases in active behaviours, grooming, posture change and stretching occurred after separation
      --Secretory IgA increased after separation whilst cortisol levels remained unchanged
      --No major effect of separation on emotional valence was evident
      --Results demonstrate separation of a dog from a conspecific negatively affected behaviour and stimulated the immune system.
      Great question!
      Erica



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    Erica Feuerbacher
    Associate Professor
    Virginia Tech
    VA
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  • 9.  RE: Maddie's Insights webcast January 9, 2025: Benefits of Pair-Housing Dogs on Welfare Measures and Length of Stay

    Posted 6 days ago

    Another attendee asked, "Is it fair to assume that once a single dog is adopted from the pair, that the remaining dog will "look" more like the solo-housed cohort? In practice, would the recommendation be to find another dog to backfill the vacated housing unit/pair?"

    @Erica Feuerbacher thank you for your input!



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    Alison Gibson
    Media Projects Manager
    Maddie's Fund
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